models of memory
Overview
This lesson explores the foundational models of memory within cognitive psychology, focusing on how information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. We will examine the strengths and weaknesses of the Multi-Store Model and the Working Memory Model, understanding their contributions to our understanding of human memory.
The Multi-Store Model of Memory (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968)
The Multi-Store Model (MSM) proposes that memory consists of three separate, interacting stores: Sensory Memory, Short-Term Memory (STM), and Long-Term Memory (LTM). Information flows linearly through these stores. * **Sensory Memory:** This is the first store, holding raw sensory information for...
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Key Concepts
- Encoding: The process of converting sensory information into a form that can be stored in memory.
- Storage: The process of maintaining encoded information in memory over time.
- Retrieval: The process of locating and recovering stored information from memory.
- Sensory Memory: The initial, brief storage of sensory information (e.g., iconic, echoic).
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Exam Tips
- →When comparing the Multi-Store Model and the Working Memory Model, focus on their key differences (e.g., passive vs. active STM, unitary vs. multi-component STM).
- →For evaluation questions, ensure you provide both strengths and weaknesses for each model, supported by names of researchers or relevant studies where possible (e.g., Peterson & Peterson for MSM duration).
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